Quantum computing: Approaches, scalability, and the future of emerging technologies

Abstract

Quantum computing is an emerging field that promises to revolutionize science and technology by offering exponentially superior processing capabilities compared to classical computing. This paper analyzes three main approaches to quantum computer development: IBM’s scalable and modular systems, D-Wave’s practical solutions for optimization problems, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based computers designed for education and research. We explore the technological advancements, practical applications, challenges, and future prospects of these approaches, demonstrating how they collectively pave the way for a future where quantum computing becomes indispensable