Input Current Ripple Reduction of Modified Interleaved Quadratic Boost Converter for Photovoltaic Applications

Abstract

In photovoltaic (PV) systems, achieving high voltage gain and keeping low input current ripple is essential for reliable operation and ensuring that the PV source consistently provides its maximum power. Low input current ripple helps the PV module operate close to its maximum power point (MPP). Conventional DC converters including quadratic boost converter frequently exhibit significant input current ripple for constrained voltage gain. To improve performance under varying load and irradiance conditions, a modified interleaved quadratic boost converter (MIQBC) is suggested. The proposed converter is able to reduce the input current ripple by employing a two-phase interleaved structure that operates with a 180° phase shift, incorporating design modification. Using an ESP32 control unit and a perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm to control the maximum power point during operation. The converter was simulated with LTspice, designed, and tested practically to assess the performance under real solar irradiation. The theoretical analysis indicated that the voltage gain reached approximately four times the input voltage, and input current ripple reduced to less than 2% while the efficiency was about 96% at full load. The experimental tests indicated that the converter demonstrated reliable performance and effective power tracking by eliminating the input current ripple. The topology provides high reduction in input current ripple and a real enhancement in voltage gain compared to conventional topologies. The results ensure efficient use of the PV panel's maximum power capability and proves that the converter is suitable for photovoltaic applications.