Design and Implementation of a USB Power Delivery System with Bidirectional Power Flow

Abstract

The need for effective and sustainable power management systems has increased recently. This has given rise to advanced forms of USB Power Delivery (USB-PD) having bidirectional power flow. This paper proposes a USB-PD system that uses solar panels (PV) to collect energy, stores that energy in a battery and smart power conversion to maximize energy delivery. This system has PV panel, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller, DC-DC converter, rechargeable battery, bidirectional DC-DC converter, and USB controller. The MPPT controller makes it possible to extract maximum energy of solar, and the DC-DC controller controls battery charging. A bi-directional regulator allows controlled charging and discharging of both battery and USB output to be used to charge the device and also allow reverse power flow. The USB controller supports USB-PD standards to negotiate dynamic power and fast charging of USB Type-C products. The suggested system improves the level of energy efficiency and renewable integration and less dependency on conventional power generation. It is shown through experimental validation that it is suited to portable electronics, systems operating renewable power sources and off-the-grid applications.