Toward Ethical and Intelligent Sentiment Analysis in Tourism: Future Directions for the Next Two Decades

Resumen

Tourism in the digital era is increasingly influenced by user-generated content, where sentiment analysis plays a critical role in understanding traveler perceptions and guiding destination management. This study reviews advancements in sentiment analysis from 2015 to 2024 and forecasts its evolution through 2045, emphasizing the integration of Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, and ethical-cultural awareness. Employing a narrative literature review, the research synthesizes over 120 academic works to identify technological, ethical, and linguistic challenges shaping the field. The paper proposes the Human-AI Integrative Sentiment Framework (HAISF), a holistic model uniting five dimensions: data diversity, computational intelligence, ethical governance, cultural sensitivity, and sustainable application. This framework supports creating sentiment analysis systems that are easy to understand, protect user privacy, and respect cultural differences, ensuring that the use of artificial intelligence stays consistent with human values. The study concludes that future sentiment analysis in tourism will evolve toward an empathic, multimodal, and ethically grounded paradigm, enabling predictive and socially responsible decision-making across global tourism ecosystems.