Um sistema de controle baseado em PLC para controle de frequência de carga em uma pequena central hidrelétrica isolada
Resumo
As energias renováveis fornecem 20% da produção de energia a nível mundial, sendo a energia hidroeléctrica a forma mais barata e sustentável de gerar energia, representando quase um quinto da produção a nível mundial. Em Cuba, a eletrificação em áreas montanhosas é feita através de pequenas centrais hidrelétricas isoladas do Sistema Eletroenergético Nacional. Um dos componentes mais importantes nas usinas hidrelétricas é o controlador de frequência, devido à mudança nas condições de demanda de energia gerada pelos usuários. A utilização de sistemas de regulação ineficientes com técnicas de regulação feitas a partir de carga resistiva ou lastro, proporciona a afirmação da regulação de frequência através da gestão do fluxo de água como uma solução técnica viável. No presente trabalho é proposta a regulação de frequência na pequena central hidrelétrica “Hanabanilla” com um PID como controlador projetado em Matlab Simulink e sua implementação em um sistema de controle feito a partir de um PLC M241 da Schneider Electric.
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