Un análisis exhaustivo de los aspectos de simulación, optimización, corrosión y diseño de unidades de destilación de crudo.
Resumen
La función principal de una unidad de destilación de crudo (CDU) dentro de una refinería de petróleo es segregar efectivamente el petróleo crudo en sus fracciones o productos constituyentes en función de sus respectivos puntos de ebullición. La columna de destilación de crudo a menudo sirve como unidad de procesamiento principal en la mayoría de las refinerías, y es fundamental para producir una amplia gama de productos de refinería. Este estudio examina artículos de investigación publicados entre 2013 y 2023 que investigan específicamente cuestiones relacionadas con las unidades de destilación de crudo. La investigación se esfuerza por producir diseños innovadores y construir modelos matemáticos para mejorar la eficiencia de la producción en este contexto. La investigación se centra principalmente en desarrollar un modelo matemático que caracterice con precisión la torre de destilación. Esto se logra utilizando una red neuronal artificial o un enfoque de control predictivo de modelo no lineal. El objetivo principal de la investigación de simulación y optimización es identificar las condiciones operativas óptimas, normalmente empleando herramientas de software como Aspen HYSYS o PRO II. Los resultados del tratamiento de corrosión realizado en la parte superior de la torre fueron satisfactorios. El estudio se centró en la cuestión de la corrosión en las líneas aéreas y en las bombas alrededor de los intercambiadores. Esta investigación de diseño tiene como objetivo investigar posibles modificaciones al diseño de la torre de destilación o al proceso preflash para optimizar los resultados de producción.
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