Revisión crítica sobre la sustitución de ingredientes naturales por residuos de corte de piedra dimensional en la fabricación de productos de construcción.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/jetia.v10i45.945Resumen
Este artículo revisa críticamente la literatura disponible sobre la utilización de diferentes tipos de minerales no metálicos obtenidos de los desechos mineros. India está dotada de recursos minerales inagotables en forma de minas de carbón, piedra caliza, arenisca, mineral de hierro, bauxita y manganeso, por nombrar algunos. La industria minera en la India, especialmente la minería de piedra dimensional, está progresando a pasos agigantados, pero al mismo tiempo también genera muchos desechos que van a los vertederos, lo que genera importantes problemas ambientales. Se producen enormes cantidades de desechos mineros durante diversas operaciones, como exploración, extracción, procesamiento, corte, escultura y pulido. La industria de la construcción también aumenta la carga medioambiental resultante del uso de hormigón, mortero que utiliza cemento como aglutinante y unidades de mampostería que consumen mucha energía, como los ladrillos de arcilla cocida. La producción de todos estos materiales de construcción genera emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), agotamiento de los recursos naturales mediante la extracción de suelos fértiles, cambios en el uso de la tierra y dragado de lechos de ríos para obtener arena natural utilizada en mortero y hormigón. Una solución sustancialmente viable a este problema inminente es aprovechar las perspectivas de desviar estos desechos como reemplazo total o parcial de los ingredientes convencionales en la fabricación de unidades de construcción. Este manuscrito presenta una revisión exhaustiva de las diferentes formas de residuos de corte de piedra dimensional (DSCW) utilizados en la fabricación de productos de construcción, como elementos de mampostería como ladrillos, bloques, hormigón y mortero, seguido de una revisión de la eficacia de estos productos finales.
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