El análisis de los períodos recientes del mercado de trigo en Turquía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/jetia.v7i27.734Resumen
El tema de la seguridad alimentaria es una preocupación debido al cambio climático que se ha vuelto más frecuente a nivel mundial. El trigo tiene una importancia especial entre las fuentes alimenticias básicas de los seres vivos. Aunque Turquía se llevará a cabo dentro de los primeros 10 países del área mundial de trigo, la cantidad de producción es baja. La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el consumo, el rendimiento, el precio de venta promedio, el valor de exportación-importación, la balanza del comercio exterior y la tendencia de estos para el futuro cercano de la producción de trigo en Turquía. Para ello, se hicieron proyecciones hasta 2024 utilizando datos entre los años 2005 y 2019. Según los resultados, las áreas de cultivo de trigo disminuyen y los precios están subiendo en Turquía. Por otro lado, el rendimiento de trigo aumenta respecto a años anteriores debido a factores como el desarrollo de tecnología, la expansión de áreas de riego y el uso de semillas certificadas. Las importaciones de trigo también se han incrementado debido al crecimiento de la población, el aumento de la ganadería, el procesamiento interno y el desarrollo de la industria de la harina y los productos de harina en Turquía. Se espera que continúen las importaciones de trigo. Para prevenir esta situación, se deben ampliar las áreas de cultivo de trigo y se debe apoyar más a los productores con políticas públicas que aumenten la producción. Para ello, es necesario incrementar la eficiencia de las actividades de extensión agrícola, asegurar la participación de los agricultores y aplicar políticas de apoyo competitivo a productos estratégicos como el trigo.
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