Evaluación de reclamos críticos y sus impactos en la industria de la construcción de Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/jetia.v9i41.858Resumen
Los proyectos de construcción apenas se completan según el cronograma y el presupuesto, y los reclamos y la gestión de disputas deficientes se encuentran entre los factores responsables de este problema de desempeño. Los reclamos críticos en la construcción quedan sin resolver mediante la negociación y el entendimiento entre las partes, pero terminan en técnicas avanzadas de resolución de disputas. Los aparejadores son expertos en la administración de contratos y están involucrados en todas las etapas de los proyectos de construcción, no se les ha prestado la atención adecuada en los estudios de gestión de reclamos de construcción. Este estudio evalúa la percepción de los topógrafos de cantidades sobre las reclamaciones críticas y su impacto en la ejecución de proyectos de construcción en Nigeria. La técnica de muestreo de nieve se utilizó para administrar el cuestionario estructurado. Con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,80, los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante análisis de puntuación media y la prueba H de Mann-Whitney. Se encontró que los reclamos críticos en la construcción son reclamos relacionados con pagos (media=4.92; SD=0.2780), reclamos contractuales (media=4.55; SD=0.8837), reclamos por cambios (media=4.54; SD=0.8423), trabajo extra reclamos (media = 4.43; SD = 0.9974), reclamos por demora (media = 4.36; SD = 1.1683) y reclamos por diferentes condiciones del sitio (media = 4.36; SD = 1.0826). Además, los principales impactos de las reclamaciones en la entrega de proyectos de construcción son los retrasos en el sobrecosto de finalización del proyecto, la mala calidad del trabajo, la relación de confrontación entre las partes, la pérdida de ganancias y la pérdida de oportunidades laborales. La administración y la gestión eficaces de los contratos son fundamentales para la gestión de reclamaciones y las partes contratadas deben evitar los eventos que puedan causar inconvenientes en el progreso del trabajo.
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